Who owns the Internet Essay - 1204 Words

What actually is the Internet? The Internet is not a singular item, but instead millions of computers that communicate independent of a central controller and dynamically changes size based upon the number of computers that are either connecting or disconnecting. The origins of the Internet can be traced back to U.S. defense research in the late 1950’s at DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) when scientists wished to link Radar stations together as a defense against the threat of a Russian nuclear arms attack (Waldrop 78-79). As the prevalence of computers has grown, so has the Internet, transforming it from a utility used for governmental defense into a consumer resource out of government jurisdiction. The ubiquity of the†¦show more content†¦Internet censorship by governments such as the People’s Republic of China are in response to the Internet’s â€Å"breadth of online content... and content sources are often remote from Chinese jurisdi ction† (Zittrain and Edelman) which prevents governments from controlling information that is spread online. Governments such as China fear that, if they allow open access to the Internet, political unrest will ensue causing destabilization of the economy or severe social division. When governments are able to censor the Internet, they determine the information that one has access to, yet the information that is being censored could contain information pertaining to an impending national disaster. Historically governments censor information for the purpose of keeping their citizens uninformed and powerless. For example Slaves were kept illiterate so that they would be at the mercy of plantation owners. Not only do foreign countries have interest in the Internet, but so does the United States because the wealth of information that can be gathered. Instead of choosing to censor information from its citizens, the United States chooses to gather information about its citizens thro ugh their e-mail, browsing history, and social networking profiles. In â€Å"Mapping Local Internet Control† the authors state that â€Å"The Internet is a battleground of control by national governments† continuing with reasons why the Internet is aShow MoreRelatedWho Owns The Internet And How It Affects My Own Experience With Communication Essay831 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay will be divided in three parts. First I will present how U.S media presents a slanted and distorted version of the â€Å"truth†. Second I will discuss how I interpret â€Å"who owns the internet† and how it affects my own experience with communication and last I will address I think â€Å"Islam† as term or ideological concept, currently serves a â€Å"system supporting propaganda function†. The United States journalism have come a long way since it rose as a political weapon, facing critical junctures suchRead MoreInternet Copyright Laws1388 Words   |  6 PagesCredit Internet Copyright Laws A student comes home to his dorm at the University of Scranton after a rough day of classes. With the quick internet connection provided on the schools network, the student makes a few clicks and logs into Morpheus, a program that enables music fans to download free music. Within a few minutes he is on his way to owning an unlimited amount of songs at no cost. Everything this student is doing is legal, right? Wrong. The downloaded music from the internet isRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of the Internet Essay example1156 Words   |  5 Pagesgives a voice to those who cannot speak and those who cannot breathe on their own receive mechanically computerized help. The computer has given us many wonderful things used for wonderful purposes, but there are vast ways in which these things have been misused by our people. One of these things is the internet and a common way it is misused is by way of plagiarism. Plagiarism is an act in which one person, in essence, steals the work of another and uses it for their own purposes (Cafferty, Serwer)Read MoreHow A Home Based Internet Business Essay1400 Words   |  6 Pageslatest creations to anyone who wants to look good and business owners are marketing their services or products to us in every possible way. The internet has made marketing evolve in ways never dreamed of before. As more and more people search the internet for what they need as a solution to their problem or needs or wants, an amazing opportunity has presented itself to anyone who would like to own their own home based internet business. Starting a home based internet business is not difficultRead MoreResponse to Nicholas Carrs Is Google Making Us Stupid? Essay1252 Words   |  6 PagesThe internet is a technology which has had a significant impact on the way many people conduct their lives. Information once contained in massive volumes at libraries or in private collections is now available by typing words into a search engine and clicking â€Å"search.† One must no longer pick up a phone to call a friend, relative or colleague; e-mail, instant messaging, Skype and the like, have enabled people to communicate in non-traditional ways and across boundaries previously inaccessible.Read MoreEssay about Does the Internet Have Psychological Benefits?593 Words   |  3 PagesThe issue of the Internet having psychological benefits has two sides, as does any issue. James E. Katz and Philip Aspden present the yes side of this issue. Katz and Aspden used a national random telephone survey to back up their side on th e issue. The survey conducted in October of 1995 compiled the individuals who took the survey into five specific groups. The groups consisted of those not aware of the Internet, non-users aware of the Internet, former users, recent users-those who started using theRead MoreInternet Censorship Essay1329 Words   |  6 PagesInternet Censorship Used Around The World Some people wonder who came up with the idea of internet censorship. Other people want to know which countries use it. Some ponder over the idea of what really is internet censorship. Internet censorship is controlling what can be viewed, and which sites can be used on the internet. Some things about internet censorship are countries that use it, and who started the idea of it. There are lots of countries that use internet censorship. A few of them are ChinaRead MoreEssay about The Internet - The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly1008 Words   |  5 PagesThe Internet - The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly The internet is a computer based global information system. It is composed of many interconnected computer networks. Each network may link thousands of computers enabling them to share information. The internet has brought a transformation in many aspects of life. It is one of the biggest contributors in making the world into a global village. Use of internet has grown tremendously since it was introduced. It is mostly because of its flexibility. NowadaysRead MoreVulnerability to Internet Predators 1580 Words   |  7 PagesVulnerability to Internet Predator The publicity about online predators that prey on naive and inexperienced young children using trickery and violence is largely inaccurate. Internet sex crimes involving adults and juveniles more often fit a model of statutory rape which is adult offenders who meet, develop relationships with, and openly seduce underage teenagers than a model of forcible sexual assault or pedophilic child molesting (Wolak et. al., 2008). However, prepubescent children are evenRead More Internet Copyright Laws Essay1383 Words   |  6 PagesInternet Copyright Laws A student comes home to his dorm at the University of Scranton after a rough day of classes. With the quick internet connection provided on the school’s network, the student makes a few clicks and logs into Morpheus, a program that enables music fans to download free music. Within a few minutes he is on his way to owning an unlimited amount of songs at no cost. Everything this student is doing is legal, right? Wrong. The downloaded music from the internet is copyrighted

What is the crisis in the British family a crisis about How is the crisis gendered Free Essays

The term ‘family’ officially evokes the image of a heterosexual, nuclear institution where each member is related to the other by marriage/law or blood, and the state, religion, media and other important institutions in our society encourage this image. However, lived realities are often very different and in recent years this form of the family, which is assumed to be normal and the norm, has been displaced by various other family forms which are labeled as deviant and which are assumed to be the root of current social problems. Hence has risen a ‘crisis’ in the British family. We will write a custom essay sample on What is the crisis in the British family a crisis about? How is the crisis gendered? or any similar topic only for you Order Now This crisis has been highlighted by the various social institutions mentioned above which encourage the heterosexual nuclear family form. Quoting Wright and Jagger, according to them ‘the turn of the century is marked by a growing crisis in the family, a crisis that may prove terminal unless decisive action is taken’, and the crisis has been pointed out as the collapse of marriage and the ‘family’. This crisis however is not new and a similar was said to have risen at the end of the 19th century. Like now, the crisis then too had been a rise in social problems and women had been identified as the cause. Single mothers, working mothers, woman opposing the dominant ideology of ‘womanhood’ were and are labeled as the cause of the ‘crisis’! As Gittins say, ‘Ideals of family relationships have become enshrined in our legal, social, religious and economic systems, which in turn reinforce the ideology and penalise or ostracise those who transgress it. ‘[Gittins 1992] The crisis in the family can thus be seen as nothing more than a gap between the ideological construction of the family and the diverse realities of family life. [Gittins,1993] The different alternate family forms that have come up and become increasingly common in the last few decades such as the single parent (specially single mother) family, extended families, communes, homosexual families are seen as social threats. This is because they resist the patriarchal ideology that is prevalent in the nuclear family form where the male is all-powerful. Resistance to this form of the family has seen the rise of the gendering of the family crisis with the blame falling on the women. This crisis as mentioned above is not something new and was seen before in the 1890’s when the results of it were deemed to be the evils of those times – namely illegitimate children, women not having children, prostitution, homosexuality etc. The family – which by the way was the white, middle class, heterosexist family – was seen to be the buffer against these social evils. In these families the sexual divisions of labor played an important part in the claiming of moral superiority. The industrial Revolution which preceded this period can this be seen as the time when the seeds of change were sown, because even though at this time the ‘domestic ideology’ of the middle class was established, working class women became increasingly involved in paid employment working away from home – and hence rose the first crisis. Indeed, the cause of the crisis at this time was seen to be the ‘bad’ mother – invariably a working class woman in paid labor. With World War II however, women had to take up jobs and it allowed them more freedom. Gradually the 20th century saw changes in attitudes and legislation – though it did take a very long time. The most important legislative changes were perhaps the right of divorce for women and the decriminalization of gay relationships. These factors were important in the rise in the alternate family forms. The argument that the heterosexual family is the ‘norm’ can however no longer be held valid. There is a vast discrepancy between the actual family forms and the ‘cereal-packet family’ considered the ideal! In 1961 over half of all households consisted of a married couple with dependent children and in 1992 this proportion had dropped to 24%. In 2001 19% all households consisted of an adult couple and dependent children – the couple not necessarily married. Marriage certainly has become less popular in the last 2 decades. Cohabitation, teen pregnancies, the number of children outside marriage has seen a marked increase. Homosexuality also has become much more widely accepted in society and many homosexual couples live with their children – adopted or from previous relationships. Divorce rates have also shot up dramatically with 1 in every 3 marriages ending in a divorce. These changes have been constructed into a national crisis by the state and the media. The statistics have been used to create moral panic among the people. In Britain, the government whether the New Right or the New Left have supported the ‘traditional family’. In the debates and policies of the New Right or the New Left, there is seen to be a particular connection between deviant family forms and social ills and there can be seen a particular vision of the individual, family and state responsibility. Policy units, the think tanks like the Social Affairs and the Economic Affairs units and the newspapers rather than the academic press stress are the agencies that stress more on the importance of the ‘traditional family values’. [Jagger and Wright, 1999] The lobbyists on behalf of the ‘ normal’ family say that government policies and feminist ideologies threaten it. Government policies however far from threatening the nuclear family form strongly support it. In fact the Conservatives called themselves the party of the ‘family’ and deviant family forms such as homosexual relationships and cohabitation were actively discouraged. The 1988 Local Government Act stated that it was an offence for local government employees or institutions to promote the acceptability of homosexuality as a family relationship. The Conservatives also shifted away from state provision and the emphasis lay on the family as a source of provision and rhetoric as well as legislation supported this. The moral panic shifted from the unemployed male scrounger to the female lone parent on benefit. The benefits given to single parents were cut down and the Child Support Act was introduced. Refamilisation – by which fathers were tried to be reinserted into the family by being made responsible for his child after separation made life very difficult for those people who had been divorced. This rhetoric of traditional family values however helped the state to back out of much of its fiscal responsibilities! The Labour Governments emphasis has also been on the family. Legislation based on the ‘families role in society’ has been passed. As Frazer says, there is ‘an insistent emphasis on ‘the family’ as the relevant and significant institution’ together with ‘the insistence that rights must be correlated with duties, obligations and responsibilities’. It does seem from the government’s emphasis on the family that the terrain of family offers the illusion of a cheap and feasible political program. Other than this emphasizing on family also obscures the failure of the politicians in other spheres such as economics or likewise. The media also plays an important role in this invocation of ‘the family’ – the ‘cereal-packet family’ being a noteworthy propaganda and the stress on the current ‘crisis’! Religion is another important social institution that encourages the nuclear family maintaining it to be moral and healthier that the other family forms. It has been seen that in all these cases of addressing this crisis by the state, the media or any other institution the focus has been on women as the cause of the crisis and consequently social problems. The single mother is seen as the source of current social evils like poverty, children’s indiscipline, crime and juvenile delinquency. Fatherless families are seen to be more of a problem with no one to impose authority and discipline! The discourse of lone/single motherhood as a social threat as it helps to resist close scrutiny of the content of hegemonic masculinity and fatherhood. [Lister, 1996] and conceals the fear that if men lose their relevance to the family life they also lose control over women and children. The traditional nuclear family, which is patriarchal, enforces this ideology through the strict gendered division of labor and other family forms without these gender divisions are not seen as desirable or normal. The traditional family is seen as one in which the male is the breadwinner and the woman is the homemaker – looking after the house and the children. This was in fact the Victorian middle class ideology. Though today women are no longer thought of as not going into paid work, it is still considered that her primary duty lies in looking after the home – thus she has a double burden of her job and housework. Men however have no such responsibilities and the symmetrical family that Young and Willmott talk about in which housework is shared equally between men and women instead of men thinking that they are doing a favour by helping, will take a long time to come if it ever does come at all! These family relationships – the inequality of women in their relationships with men ( in either marriage or cohabitation) is linked to wider social and economic factors and is infact sanctioned by the power of the state. Thus gendered division of labor is a part of the ‘normal’ family ideals. The crisis in the family means that this gender division no longer works within a majority of the families anymore. This is the feminist explanation for the rise of a ‘crisis’ in the family by the media and the state. The patriarchy that is based on the exploitation of women’s unpaid labor at home constructs alternate family forms as a ‘crisis’ and blames women as the cause of social problems, advocating the return to the ‘normal, heterosexual, nuclear family’ for a better and healthier society! How to cite What is the crisis in the British family a crisis about? How is the crisis gendered?, Essays

Critical Thinking On Mental Health Care Access

Question: Describe about the Critical Thinking On Mental Health Care Acces? Answer: Introduction: in recent years Virginias mental health system is becoming the most concerning matter by the advocates, policy makers, and by other experts. Virginia's commission has studied on the law that were on the mental health, resulted in the reformation to strengthen the process known as civil commitment so that all the patients with serious mental could access the needed help time to time (Canady, 2014). The government of Virginia working on the mental health services to ensure that all the services working well to give access the entire individual and their families who has been suffering from the mental illness. For example, services to care and to ensure the safety of individual suffering from mental illness have been supported and funded by the Governor McAuliffe (Finkelstein et al., 2012). Access of the mental health by the individual should be increased as well as the emergency service should also be accessed at the time of the crisis. The service should intervene to prevent crisis be fore it takes place. The main problem that is addressed in this assignment is the problem in the access of the health care facilities in the community of the Virginia. The general assembly also create a subcommittee to observe the mental health system for the coming 4 years. Virginias DBHDS or the department of behavioural health and development services work to strengthen the existing policies to ensure a problem free implementation of the new laws and start an internal effort (Gewin, 2012). A task force has been developed to meet all the need of the people who need the health support. The taskforce allows the crisis stabilization units and assessment centres for the treatment of children as well as adults over the commonwealth (Sautter, et al. 2012). Some recommendation should be done in order to increasing the access of the individuals from the Virginia commonwealth. The benefits includes, the task force appointed by the government play a multifunctional role to combat the mental health crisis. They s erve at the time of mental health crisis, recommend the use of telepsychiatry, and also refine the protocols and process to tackle the mental health problems. It can be recommended that to meet the proposal that is increase the access of the mental health services in Virginia, crisis intervention team or (CIT) can be developed (Thomson, 2012). The CIT program should be funded to develop and train the law enforcement officers throughout the commonwealth. Every community in Virginia should have the active CIT program along with the assessment centres. The drawback of the program is that it needs to be funded to operate the ongoing CIT programs. The communities of the Virginia commonwealth should encourage the involvement of the college as well as the campus and police stations to be included in the programs. In addition the DBHDS should develop the CIT programs for the jail personnel. According to, another recommendation could be the Telepsychiatry. Although there are also funding required for the development of this service. Other recommendation can be the improvement of the services that involves the access to the consistent psychiatric co nsultation. Emergency services should provide the access to the prescriber or the psychiatrist to diminish the usage of hospitalization. On the other hand some other points should be considered that technological resources should be explored to develop and maximise the Telepsychiatry and other technologies that can be useful in the mental health treatment. According to, CIT programs are suitable for increasing the access of the mental health treatment. On the other hand, in order to increase the psychiatric services there should be access to the public as well as the private bed. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the above assignment that there are many ways to develop the mental health care system in the Virginia commonwealth. Government has already announces many laws that help in the strengthening the existing mental health system and also announces some new laws and legislation that help in the improvement of the mental health system throughout the Virginia commonwealth. The recommendations done by the analyst include the formation of CIT program and every community of the Virginia commonwealth should have the CIT program and assessment centres to maintaining the quality of the mental health system. According to me, it is the best method to increase the health care access of the mental patient. By the way it is also recommended that the government should fund the programs for improvement of that programs and increasing the access. It will be good if the commonwealth of Virginia to access the emergency departments of the mental health system at the time of crisis. There are a task force appointed by the government to observe and control any kind of crisis. Reference List: Canady, V. (2014). MHA issues first assessment of states' ranking on mental health status, access.Mental Health Weekly,24(46), 1-3. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mhw.30001 Finkelstein, F., Schiller, B., Daoui, R., Gehr, T., Kraus, M., Lea, J. et al. (2012). At-home short daily hemodialysis improves the long-term health-related quality of life.Kidney Int,82(5), 561-569. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ki.2012.168 Gewin, V. (2012). Mental health: Under a cloud.Njobs,490(7419), 299-301. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nj7419-299a Sautter, F., Glynn, S., Cretu, J., Senturk, D., Vaught, A. (2015). Efficacy of structured approach therapy in reducing PTSD in returning veterans: A randomized clinical trial.Psychological Services,12(3), 199-212. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ser0000032 Thomson, K. (2012). Mental health disordered probationers and access to health services.Probation Journal,59(2), 169-170. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026455051205900202